Dog ownership, dog walking, and social capital

Abstract Evidence for social pathways to health benefits dog owners appears positive but less well-developed. Our study aimed estimate the differences in capital by ownership and walking status among young-to-middle-aged adults older Japan. Data from 3606 residents living Japan were used. on capital, ownership, collected questionnaires. Age-stratified multivariable linear regression models used scores status. Among adults, mean of activities with neighbours score, adjusted covariates, was significantly higher ( p < 0.05) owner walkers group compared non-dog group. no significant marginal means observed between three groups owners, non-walkers, walkers. While a healthy lifestyle have been well-documented, few identified intervene capital. Building expanding known walking, this revealed modest support link meaningful associations found adults. Additionally, cohesion either age Future research can further improve use dog-based behavioural interventions fostering